Law of Evidence

Modes of Proving the Handwriting of a Person Introduction                         Art. 78 of Qanun-e-Shahadat Order 1984 provides that if a document is alleged to be signed or have been written wholly or in part by any person, the…

Accomplice An accomplice shall be competent witness against an accused person, except in the case of an offence punishable with Hadd and a conviction is not illegal merely because it proceeds upon the uncorroborated testimony of an…

Modes of prove of Public and Private documents Introduction: Law of evidence divides documents into two categories:-Public document Private documentLord Blackburn defined a public document as “a document that is made for the…

Refreshing of memory by a Witness Introduction Ordinarily a witness deposes to facts from the recollection but memory fades and it is therefore very necessary that he should be allowed to assist his memory by looking at documents…

Improper Admission and Rejection of Evidence Article 162 of Qanun e Shahadat Order provides thatImproper admission, or RejectionOf evidence in a civil or criminal case is no ground for a new trial, or reversal of any decision,…

Leading Questions Any statement suggesting the answer which the person putting it wishes or expects to receive, is called a leading question. It is a question framed in such a manner that it throws a hint as to, or suggests directly or…

Modes of Examination of witness Examination in Chief Defination: The examination of a witness by the party who calls him shall be called his examination in chief”. Object and Purpose The purpose of the examination in chief is to lay…

Secondary Evidence when admissible Defination: Article 74 defines secondary evidence to mean and include:Certified copies given under the provisions of QSO 1984 Copies made from the original by mechanical process. Copies made…

Impeaching the credit of witness Principle and Scope: Articles 132, 140, 141 contains provisions for impeaching the credit of a witness by cross examination. Article 151 deals with another mode of impeaching credit of a witness, viz by…